Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 524, Issue -, Pages 160-171Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.08.010
Keywords
Nidovirales; Transcriptome; Virus discovery; Proteinase; Protease; Protein expression; Translation; Readthrough
Categories
Funding
- European Union Horizon2020 [EVAg 653316]
- Leiden University Medical Center, United Kingdom MoBiLe Program
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KJZD-EW-L13]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31471964]
- Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia [S13280]
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Transcriptomics has the potential to discover new RNA virus genomes by sequencing total intracellular RNA pools. In this study, we have searched publicly available transcriptomes for sequences similar to viruses of the Nidovirales order. We report two potential nidovirus genomes, a highly divergent 35.9 kb likely complete genome from the California sea hare Aplysia californica, which we assign to a nidovirus named Aplysia abyssovirus 1 (AAbV), and a coronavirus-like 22.3 kb partial genome from the ornamented pygmy frog Microhyla fissipes, which we assign to a nidovirus named Microhyla alphaletovirus 1 (MLeV). AAbV was shown to encode a functional main proteinase, and a translational readthrough signal. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that AAbV represents a new family, proposed here as Abyssoviridae. MLeV represents a sister group to the other known coronaviruses. The importance of MLeV and AAbV for understanding nidovirus evolution, and the origin of terrestrial nidoviruses are discussed.
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