Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 448, Issue -, Pages 314-321Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.10.032
Keywords
Papillomaviruses; DAPK gene; Epigenetics; DNA methylation; Biomarker; Cancer progression
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Funding
- University of California Irvine
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During progression of cervical cancer, human papillomavirus genomes and cellular tumor suppressor genes can become methylated. Toward a better understanding of these biomarkers, we studied 104 samples with HPV16, 18, 31, and 45 representing five pathological categories from asymptomatic infection to cancer. We grouped all samples by HPV type and pathology and measured the overall methylation of informative amplicons of HPV late genes and the cellular DAPK gene. Methylation of all four HPV types as well as of the DAPK gene is lowest in asymptomatic infection and increases successively in all four pathological categories during progression to cancer. 27 out of 28 cancer samples showed methylation both in the L2/L1 genes as well as in DAPK, but a much lower fraction in all other pathological categories. We discuss the problem to develop diagnostic tests based on complex methylation patterns that make it difficult to classify amplicons as methylated or unmethylated. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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