Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 417, Issue 2, Pages 353-361Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2011.06.012
Keywords
HIV-1; Tetherin; Cell-to-cell spread; Virus release; Vpu; Tetherin; CD4(+) T-cell
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Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
- CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN)
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Tetherin is a host cell restriction factor that acts against HIV-1 and other enveloped viruses. The antiviral activity of tetherin is antagonized by the HIV-1 protein Vpu, that downregulates tetherin from the cell surface. Here, we report the specific detection of cell surface tetherin levels in primary activated CD4(+) T-cells and in CD4(+) T-cell lines. Differences were observed regarding tetherin cell surface expression, Vpu-mediated tetherin downmodulation and promotion of virus release. However, Vpu expression in all T-cell lines resulted in a 2-fold increase in numbers of infected cells after three days. This implies a Vpu-mediated effect in ongoing infection and possibly in cell-to-cell viral spread that is independent of the extent of Vpu-mediated tetherin cell surface downmodulation. Endogenous cell surface tetherin levels in T-cell lines were also down-modulated following infection with Vpu-deleted virus, suggesting an additional Vpu-independent mechanism of tetherin cell surface downmodulation following HIV-1 infection in T-cell lines. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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