Journal
VIROLOGY
Volume 372, Issue 1, Pages 127-135Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2007.09.045
Keywords
SARS; lung; alveolar macrophage; ACE2
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL029891, R37 HL029891, HL 29891, R01 HL029891-25] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI 59576, P01 AI059576-040006, P01 AI059576] Funding Source: Medline
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Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a disease characterized by diffuse alveolar damage. We isolated human alveolar type II cells and maintained them in a highly differentiated state. Type II cell cultures supported SARS-CoV replication as evidenced by RT-PCR detection of viral subgenomic RNA and an increase in virus titer. Virus titers were maximal by 24 h and peaked at approximately 10(5) pfu/mL. Two cell types within the cultures were infected. One cell type was type II cells, which were positive for SP-A, SP-C, cytokeratin, a type II cell-specific monoclonal antibody, and Ep-CAM. The other cell type was composed of spindle-shaped cells that were positive for vimentin and collagen III and likely fibroblasts. Viral replication was not detected in type I-like cells or macrophages. Hence, differentiated adult human alveolar type II cells were infectible but alveolar type I-like cells and alveolar macrophages did not support productive infection. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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