Conservative Versus Arthroscopic Management for Medial Coronoid Process Disease in Dogs: A Prospective Gait Evaluation

Objective: To investigate, using objective gait analysis, the long-term outcome of dogs with medial coronoid process disease (MCPD) treated with conservative management (CM) versus arthroscopic treatment (AT). Study Design: Prospective clinical trial. Animals: Dogs (n = 20) with unilaterally confirmed MCPD. Methods: Eleven dogs were treated arthroscopically with removal of coronoid fragments and burring of any associated chondromalacic cartridge and 9 dogs were managed conservatively. All dogs were administered a 6-week course of oral tepoxalin on enrolment. Inverse dynamics gait analysis was performed at initial presentation and at 4, 8, 26, and 52 weeks. The gait variables analyzed were elbow moment (EM), elbowpower (EP), total support moment (TSM), and total support moment ratio (TSMR) as a measure of forelimb asymmetry. Results: Affected peak EM increased from 0.58 to 0.76 Nm/kg in the AT dogs, and from 0.66 to 0.81 Nm/kg in the CM dogs and there was no significant difference between groups. Affected peak EP increased marginally in the AT dogs, but was unchanged in the CM dogs and there was no significant difference between groups. TSM increased from 1.49 to 1.92 Nm/kg in the AT dogs and from 1.52 to 2.06 Nm/kg in the CM dogs and there was no significant difference between groups. TSMR was statistically different between treatment groups at 1 (P = .003) and 2 months (P = .048) with the AT group more asymmetric and hence more lame. TSMR at 12 months was 0.83 (AT) and 0.86 (CM) implying a failure of return to soundness by either group. Conclusions: AT dogs had increased mechanical asymmetry at 4 and 8 weeks compared to the CM group revealing surgery worsened limb function. There was no significant difference in mechanical symmetry between groups at 26 and 52 weeks.