Journal
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
Volume 169, Issue 3-4, Pages 241-247Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.01.013
Keywords
Theileria annulata; Tropical theileriosis; Cattle; Buparvaquone; Resistance
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Funding
- Ministry of High Education Scientific Research and Technology (Tunisia)
- Wellcome Trust [075820/A/04]
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The present study describes an outbreak of tropical theileriosis cases refractory to buparvaquone treatment, which occurred in a small-size dairy farm in Tunisia. Out of seven treated cows, four died in spite of repeated buparvaquone injections (2.5 and 5 mg kg(-1)) and the monitoring of the affected cows showed no improvement of the course of the disease with a consistent decrease in the haematocrit, the persistence of fever and an increased parasitaemia after treatment. Ticks were fed on a calf experimentally infected with one isolate established in culture from one of the cases and the resultant infected ticks ground up to generate a supernatant infected with the potentially resistant stock. This was used to experimentally infect three calves, and the clinical observations, post-buparvaquone treatment, showed an absence of the usual effect of buparvaquone treatment on the parasite Theileria annulata, such as the rapid decline of schizont index and parasitaemia and a rapid recovery from the disease. These results confirmed for the first time the occurrence of resistance to buparvaquone in the protozoan T. annulata. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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