Journal
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
Volume 10, Issue 8, Pages 739-742Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2009.0080
Keywords
Egg packagers; Eggshell; Egypt; Laying farm; Risk assessment; Salmonella Enteritidis
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Salmonella Enteritidis is a communicable zoonotic bacterium. The present investigation was done to evaluate the potential occurrence of Salmonella Enteritidis in laying hen farms and its contamination pathways. Samples were collected from 10 laying hen farms located in the Delta of Egypt. Cloacal swabs (n = 300), eggshell swabs (n = 400), and hand swabs from egg packagers (n = 38) were collected. Pools of ovary and oviduct were obtained from 150 hens; all samples were examined for the presence of Salmonella Enteritidis. Results indicated that Salmonella Enteritidis may initially occupy in ovary, oviduct, and cloaca. The risk for eggshell contamination is highly impending from laying hen flocks infected with Salmonella Enteritidis with percentage of > 30%. Farms having eggshell contamination percentage of > 60% with Salmonella Enteritidis provided a high risk for packagers' hand contamination. Questionnaire of egg packagers specified that seven out of the eight smoker packagers suffered from repeated Salmonellosis. Thus, smoking during egg packing process could be considered as an exposure factor to contract the infection via hand-cigarette-mouth route.
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