Journal
VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 783-790Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2007.0274
Keywords
Avian influenza; Eurasian lineage; American lineage
Funding
- Swedish Polar Research Secretariat
- Swedish Research Council FOR-MAS [2005-2051]
- Swedish Research Council [2004-5489]
- European Union
- Health Research Council of Southeast Sweden
- Medical Faculty of Umea University
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Since prehistoric times, the Bering Strait area (Beringia) has served as all avenue of dispersal between the Old and the New Worlds. On a field expedition to this area, we collected fecal samples from dabbling ducks, geese, shorebirds, and gulls on the Chukchi Peninsula, Siberia, and Pt. Barrow, Alaska, and characterized the sub-types of avian influenza virus present in them. Four of 202 samples (2%) from Alaska were positive for influenza A virus RNA in two independent polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening assays, while all shorebird samples from the Chukchi Peninsula were negative. Subtypes H3N8 and H6N1 were recorded once, while subtype H8N4 was found in two samples. Full-length sequences were obtained from the three unique isolates, and phylogenetic analysis with representative sequences for the Eurasian and North American lineages of influenza A virus showed that one HA gene Clustered with the Eurasian rather than the North American lineage. However, the closest relative to this sequence was a North American isolate from Delaware described in 2002, indicating that a H6 spillover from Asia has established itself in North America.
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