Journal
VACCINE
Volume 31, Issue 18, Pages 2238-2245Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.03.003
Keywords
Tim-3; IL-12; IL-23; IL-17; Hepatitis B vaccine; Hepatitis C infection
Categories
Funding
- NIH NIDDK [R01DK093526]
- Wake Forrest University
- East Tennessee State University
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R15AI084057] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK093526] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is recommended for individuals with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection given their shared risk factors and increased liver-related morbidity and mortality upon super-infection. Vaccine responses in this setting are often blunted, with poor response rates to HBV vaccinations in chronically HCV-infected individuals compared to healthy subjects. In this study, we investigated the role of T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-3 (Tim-3)-mediated immune regulation in HBV vaccine responses during HCV infection. We found that Tim-3, a marker for T cell exhaustion, was over-expressed on monocytes, leading to a differential regulation of IL-12/IL-23 production which in turn T(H)17 cell accumulation, in HCV-infected HBV vaccine non-responders compared to HCV-infected HBV vaccine responders or healthy subjects (HS). Importantly, ex vivo blockade of Tim-3 signaling corrected the imbalance of IL-12/IL-23 as well as the IL-17 bias observed in HBV vaccine non-responders during HCV infection. These results suggest that Tim-3-mediated dysregulation of innate to adaptive immune responses is involved in HBV vaccine failure in individuals with chronic HCV infection, raising the possibility that blocking this negative signaling pathway might improve the success rate of HBV immunization in the setting of chronic viral infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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