Journal
VACCINE
Volume 30, Issue 31, Pages 4581-4584Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.04.059
Keywords
Ki-67; Influenza vaccine; CD4 T cell
Categories
Funding
- NIH [HHSN272201000055C, N01-AI-50020, HHSN266200700008C, R01 AI069351]
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Although previous studies have found minimal changes in CD4 T cell responses after vaccination of adults with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine, daily sampling and monitoring of the proliferation marker Ki-67 have now been used to reveal that a substantial fraction of influenza-specific CD4 T cells respond to vaccination. At 4-6 days after vaccination, there is a sharp rise in the numbers of Ki-67-expressing PBMC that produce IFN-gamma, IL-2 and/or TNF alpha in vitro in response to influenza vaccine or peptide. Ki-67(+) cell numbers then decline rapidly, and 10 days after vaccination, both Ki-67(+) and overall influenza-specific cell numbers are similar to pre-vaccination levels. These results provide a tool for assessing the quality and quantity of CD4 T cell responses to different influenza vaccines, and raise the possibility that the anti-influenza T cell memory response may be qualitatively altered by vaccination, even if the overall memory cell numbers do not change significantly. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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