Journal
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Volume 68, Issue 12, Pages 1911-1917Publisher
CSIRO PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1071/CH15154
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Funding
- 973 program [2015CB251401]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51304183, 51404230]
- Special Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [21127011]
- International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [21210006]
- National Major Instrumentation Development Grant [2011YQ12003907]
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Addressing capacity fading during electrochemical cycling is one of the most challenging issues of lithium-ion batteries based on LiMn2O4. Accordingly, in this work, an ester-functionalized ionic liquid, N-methylpyrrolidinium-N-acetate bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([MMEPyr][TFSI]), was designed as an additive to the electrolyte employed for Li/LiMn2O4 batteries to improve their electrochemical performance. A systematic comparative study was carried out using the LiTFSI-based electrolyte with and without [MMEPyr][TFSI] additive. After 100 cycles, the Li/LiMn2O4 half-cells retained 94% of their initial discharge capacity in the electrolyte containing 10 wt-% [MMEPyr][TFSI]. However, the cycling capacity of the half-cells in the electrolyte without [MMEPyr][TFSI] decreased considerably to, similar to 21 mAhg(-1) within the first 10 cycles. One of the main reasons for the decrease is the stabilization of the Al current collector by the [MMEPyr][TFSI] additive, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the Li/LiMn2O4 cells in the electrolyte containing [MMEPyr][TFSI] displayed high-rate performance, whereby similar to 90% of the cell initial discharge capacity was retained at 2.5C.
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