4.4 Review

Urine microRNAs as potential noninvasive biomarkers in urologic cancers

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.04.011

Keywords

MicroRNA; Diagnosis; Biomarker; Urologic cancer; Urothelial cancer; Bladder cancer; Prostate cancer; Renal cell carcinoma

Funding

  1. Czech Ministry of Health [IGA NT/13547]
  2. Institutional Resources for Supporting the Research Organization by Czech Ministry of Health
  3. CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology [CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068]

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Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. The ability of miRNAs to inhibit translation of oncogenes and tumor suppressors implies that they may be involved in carcinogenesis. Our review focuses on the potential of urinary miRNAs to serve as biomarkers of urologic cancers. We discuss in detail the recent knowledge about the origin of urinary miRNAs, their stability, quality control, and their utility as a potential new class of biomarkers in urologic cancer. Finally, we summarize the studies focusing on detection and characterization of urinary miRNAs as potential biomarkers in bladder, prostate, and kidney cancers. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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