Spatial attenuation of ambient particulate matter air pollution within an urbanised native forest patch

Of interest to researchers and urban planners is the effect of urban forests on concentrations of ambient air pollution. Although estimates of the attenuation effect of urban vegetation on levels of air pollution have been put forward, there have been few monitored data on small-scale changes within forests, especially in urban forest patches. This study explores the spatial attenuation of particulate matter air pollution less than 10 mu in diameter (PM10) within the confines of an evergreen broadleaved urban forest patch in Christchurch, New Zealand, a city with high levels of PM10 winter air pollution. The monitoring network consisted of eight monitoring sites at various distances from the edge of the canopy and was operated on 13 winter nights when conditions were conducive for high pollution events. A negative gradient of particulate concentration was found, moving from higher mean PM10 concentrations outside the forest (mean = 31.5 mu g m(-3)) to lower concentrations deep within the forest (mean = 22.4 mu g m(-3)). A mixed-effects model applied to monitor meteorological, spatial and pollution data indicated temperature and an interaction between wind speed and temperature were also significant (P <= 0.05) predictors of particulate concentration. These results provide evidence of the potential role that urban forest patches may play in mitigating particulate matter air pollution and should be considered in plans for improving urban air quality. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.