Journal
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
Volume 21, Issue 3, Pages 1213-1221Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.10.025
Keywords
Pharmaceutical; Removal; Hydrodynamic cavitation; Wastewater
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Funding
- Slovenian Research Agency [P1-0143, J7-4265, L1-5457]
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In this study, the removal of clofibric acid, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, carbamazepine and diclofenac residues from wastewater, using a novel shear-induced cavitation generator has been systematically studied. The effects of temperature, cavitation time and H2O2 dose on removal efficiency were investigated. Optimisation (50 degrees C; 15 min; 340 mg L-1 of added H2O2) resulted in removal efficiencies of 4786% in spiked deionised water samples. Treatment of actual wastewater effluents revealed that although matrix composition reduces removal efficiency, this effect can be compensated for by increasing H2O2 dose (3.4 g L-1) and prolonging cavitation time (30 mm). Hydrodynamic cavitation has also been investigated as either a pre- or a post-treatment step to biological treatment. The results revealed a higher overall removal efficiency of recalcitrant diclofenac and carbamazepine, when hydrodynamic cavitation was used prior to as compared to post biological treatment i.e., 54% and 67% as compared to 39% and 56%, respectively. This is an important finding since diclofenac is considered as a priority substance to be included in the EU Water Framework Directive. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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