Journal
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 202-208Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.07.010
Keywords
Pomegranate seed oil; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction; Fatty acids; Punicic acid
Categories
Funding
- China State 11th Five-Year Plan scientific and technological support scheme [2007BAD07B05]
- Special major science and technology in Fujian Province [2008N0007]
- Natural science fund in Fujian Province [2011J05123]
- Program for scientific and technological innovation team of FAFU [CXTD12009]
- spark program in Fujian [2012S0044]
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The effectiveness of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) was evaluated using a variety of solvents. Petroleum ether was the most effective for oil extraction, followed by n-hexane, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, acetone, and isopropanol. Several variables, such as ultrasonic power, extraction temperature, extraction time, and the ratio of solvent volume and seed weight (S/S ratio) were studied for optimization using response surface methodology (RSM). The highest oil yield, 25.11% (w/w), was obtained using petroleum ether under optimal conditions for ultrasonic power, extraction temperature, extraction time, and S/S ratio at 140 W, 40 degrees C, 36 min, and 10 ml/g, respectively. The PSO yield extracted by UAE was significantly higher than by using Soxhlet extraction (SE; 20.50%) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE; 15.72%). The fatty acid compositions were significantly different among the PSO extracted by Soxhlet extraction, SFE, and UAE, with punicic acid (>65%) being the most dominant using UAE. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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