Journal
ULTRAMICROSCOPY
Volume 116, Issue -, Pages 24-33Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.03.002
Keywords
Chemical shift; Oxidation state; Transition metal; Electron energy-loss spectroscopy
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Funding
- FWO-Vlaanderen [G.0147.06]
- European Research Council [46791 - COUNTATOMS, NMP3-LA-2010-246102 - IFOX]
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Transition metal L-2,L-3 electron energy-loss spectra for a wide range of V-, Mn- and Fe-based oxides were recorded and carefully analyzed for their correlation with the formal oxidation states of the transition metal ions. Special attention is paid to obtain an accurate energy scale which provides absolute energy positions for all core-loss edges. The white-line ratio method, chemical shift method, ELNES fitting method, two-parameter method and other methods are compared and their validity is discussed. Both the ELNES fitting method and the chemical shift method have the advantage of a wide application range and good consistency but require special attention to accurately measure the core-loss edge position. The obtained conclusions are of fundamental importance, e.g., for obtaining atomic resolution oxidation state information in modern experiments. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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