Journal
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Volume 81, Issue -, Pages 568-589Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2018.08.013
Keywords
Fire safety; Road tunnel; Railway tunnel; Underground tunnel; Design fire; Structural protection; Smoke control; Fire suppression; Fire characteristics
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In the past two decades, the interest in fire safety science of tunnels has significantly increased, mainly due to the rapidly increasing number of tunnels built and the catastrophic tunnel fire incidents occurred. This paper presents an overview of research on fire safety in underground road and railway tunnels from the perspectives of fire safety design. The main focuses are on design fires, structural protection, smoke control and use of water-based fire suppression systems. Besides, some key fire characteristics, including flame length, fire spread, heat flux and smoke stratification, are discussed.
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