Journal
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 10, Pages 395-407Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2012.07.006
Keywords
Opisthorchis; liver fluke; cholangiocarcinoma; liver cancer; granulin; periductal fibrosis; excretory/secretory; wound healing
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Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) [UO1A1065871]
- National Cancer Institute (NCI) [R01CA155297]
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC)
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Liver fluke infection caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a major public health problem in Thailand and adjacent countries. In addition to infection-associated morbidity, infection with O. viverrini and the related Clonorchis sinensis are unarguable risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma (CAA, bile-duct cancer). Here we review the pathogenesis of opisthorchiasis and the association between O. viverrini infection and bile-duct cancer, focusing on the molecular parallels between wound healing, chronic inflammation, and cancer development. We review a schema for human disease progression from fluke infection, chronic opisthorchiasis, advanced periductal fibrosis, and cholangiocarcinogenesis, and present a rationale for biomarker discovery to facilitate early intervention. We conclude by addressing post-genomic advances with a view to developing new control strategies to combat this infectious cancer.
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