Journal
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 33, Issue 4, Pages 173-182Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2010.01.005
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [NS20752-23, NS045324]
- FRAXA Research Foundation
- F.M. Kirby Foundation
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH077022] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS045324, R01NS020752] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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mRNA localization and regulated translation provide a means of spatially restricting gene expression within each of the thousands of subcellular compartments made by a neuron, thereby vastly increasing the computational capacity of the brain. Recent studies reveal that local translation is regulated by stimuli that trigger neurite outgrowth and/or collapse, axon guidance, synapse formation, pruning, activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, and injury-induced axonal regeneration. Impairments in the local regulation of translation result in aberrant signaling, physiology and morphology of neurons, and are linked to neurological disorders. This review highlights current advances in understanding how mRNA translation is repressed during transport and how local translation is activated by stimuli. We address the function of local translation in the context of fragile X mental retardation.
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