Journal
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
Volume 32, Issue 10, Pages 517-524Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2009.06.004
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Funding
- Intramural Research Program
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- National Institutes of Health
- Department of Health and Human Services
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [ZIADA000471] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Forebrain dopamine circuitry has traditionally been studied by two largely independent specialist groups: students of Parkinson's disease who study the nigrostriatal dopamine system that originates in the substantial nigra (SN) and students of motivation and addiction who study the role of the mesolimbic and mesocortical dopamine systems that originate in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). The anatomical evidence for independent nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine systems has, however, long been obsolete. There is now compelling evidence that both nominal systems participate in reward function and addiction. Electrical stimulation of both SN and VTA is rewarding, blockade of glutamatergic or cholinergic input to either SN or VTA attenuates the habit-forming effects of intravenous cocaine, and dopamine in both nigrostriatal and mesocorticolimbic terminal fields participates in the defining property of rewarding events: the reinforcement of memory consolidation. Thus, the similarities between nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine systems can be as important as their differences.
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