Journal
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 18, Issue 8, Pages 454-462Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.06.001
Keywords
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Funding
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) [MOP 67211, MOP 84037]
- CIHR doctoral award
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Significant evidence demonstrates that CD4(+) regulatory T cells (T-reg) expressing the Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) transcription factor are a distinct lineage of CD4(+) T cells that are essential for maintaining self-tolerance and modulating immunity to various nonself-antigens under changing inflammatory settings. Stable Foxp3 expression ensures T-reg function in a variety of inflammatory contexts. However, the model of T-reg cells as a stable, long-lived lineage is controversial. Whereas some studies have observed long-lived T-reg, function, recent studies suggest that T-reg cells adapt to microenvironmental changes and consequently manifest functional plasticity by reprogramming into inflammatory T cells. Here, we review the evidence addressing the functional stability or plasticity of Foxp3(+) T-reg cells and the implications for immune homeostasis and disease.
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