Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 22, Issue 6, Pages 317-325Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2014.02.012
Keywords
anthrax; capillary morphogenesis protein 2; edema toxin; lethal toxin; tumor endothelial marker 8
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Funding
- intramural research programs of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
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The pathophysiological effects resulting from many bacterial diseases are caused by exotoxins released by the bacteria. Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming bacterium, is such a pathogen, causing anthrax through a combination of bacterial infection and toxemia. B. anthracis causes natural infection in humans and animals and has been a top bioterrorism concern since the 2001 anthrax attacks in the USA. The exotoxins secreted by B. anthracis use capillary morphogenesis protein 2 (CMG2) as the major toxin receptor and play essential roles in pathogenesis during the entire course of the disease. This review focuses on the activities of anthrax toxins and their roles in initial and late stages of anthrax infection.
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