Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 8, Pages 360-368Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2012.04.006
Keywords
Listeria; membrane damage; virulence factor; pore-forming toxin; pathogenesis
Categories
Funding
- Pasteur Institute, INSERM [U604]
- INRA [USC2020]
- Fondation Louis Jeantet
- EEC [233348 MODELIST]
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
- Fondation Le Roch Les Mousquetaires
- ANR (ERANET Pathogenomics LISTRESS and ANR blanc EPILIS)
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Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a toxin produced by Listeria monocytogenes, an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for the disease listeriosis. This disease starts with the ingestion of contaminated foods and mainly affects immunocompromised individuals, newborns, and pregnant women. In the laboratory, L. monocytogenes is used as a model organism to study processes such as cell invasion, intracellular survival, and cell-to-cell spreading, as this Gram-positive bacterium has evolved elaborate molecular strategies to subvert host cell functions. LLO is a major virulence factor originally shown to be crucial for bacterial escape from the internalization vacuole after entry into cells. However, recent studies are revisiting the role of LLO during infection and are revealing new insights into the action of LLO, in particular before bacterial entry. These latest findings along with their impact on the infectious process will be discussed.
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