Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 199-208Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2012.01.003
Keywords
effector-triggered immunity; PAMP-triggered immunity; nonhost resistance; hypersensitive response; pathogenicity
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1025642]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1025642] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Many plant pathogens subvert host immunity by injecting compositionally diverse but functionally similar repertoires of cytoplasmic effector proteins. The bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae is a model for exploring the functional structure of such repertoires. The pangenome of P. syringae encodes 57 families of effectors injected by the type Ill secretion system. Distribution of effector genes among phylogenetically diverse strains reveals a small set of core effectors targeting antimicrobial vesicle trafficking and a much larger set of variable effectors targeting kinase-based recognition processes. Complete disassembly of the 28-effector repertoire of a model strain and reassembly of a minimal functional repertoire reveals the importance of simultaneously attacking both processes. These observations, coupled with growing knowledge of effector targets in plants, support a model for coevolving molecular dialogs between effector repertoires and plant immune systems that emphasizes mutually-driven expansion of the components governing recognition.
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