Journal
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 11, Pages 558-566Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2012.08.002
Keywords
IRES; Dicistroviridae; translation initiation; ribosome; IGR IRES
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01GM084547]
- UAB Cancer Center HIV-Associated Malignancy pilot research grant (UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center) [P30 CA13148]
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In eukaryotes, mRNAs are primarily translated through a cap-dependent mechanism whereby initiation factors recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit to a cap structure at the 5' end of the mRNA. However, some viral and cellular messages initiate protein synthesis without a cap. They use a structured RNA element termed an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) to recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit. IRESs were discovered over 20 years ago, but only recently have studies using a model IRES from dicistroviruses expanded our understanding of how a 3D RNA structure can capture and manipulate the ribosome to initiate translation.
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