Journal
TRENDS IN GENETICS
Volume 29, Issue 10, Pages 575-584Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.04.005
Keywords
germline mutation rate; de novo mutation; paternal bias; paternal age; genome wide
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Funding
- Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) [F32HG006070]
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All genetic variation arises via new mutations; therefore, determining the rate and biases for different classes of mutation is essential for understanding the genetics of human disease and evolution. Decades of mutation rate analyses have focused on a relatively small number of loci because of technical limitations. However, advances in sequencing technology have allowed for empirical assessments of genome-wide rates of mutation. Recent studies have shown that 76% of new mutations originate in the paternal lineage and provide unequivocal evidence for an increase in mutation with paternal age. Although most analyses have focused on single nucleotide variants (SNVs), studies have begun to provide insight into the mutation rate for other classes of variation, including copy number variants (CNVs), microsatellites, and mobile element insertions (MEIs). Here, we review the genome-wide analyses for the mutation rate of several types of variants and suggest areas for future research.
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