4.6 Review

Coordinating cell size

Journal

TRENDS IN GENETICS
Volume 28, Issue 11, Pages 560-565

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2012.07.003

Keywords

gene regulation; cell growth; transcription; yeast

Funding

  1. BBSRC
  2. Wellcome Trust Senior Investigator Award
  3. Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award
  4. BBSRC [BB/I012451/1] Funding Source: UKRI
  5. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I012451/1] Funding Source: researchfish
  6. Wellcome Trust [095598/Z/11/Z] Funding Source: researchfish

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Cell size is highly variable; cells from various tissues differ in volume over orders of magnitudes, from tiny lymphocytes to giant neurons, and cells of a given type change size during the cell cycle. Larger cells need to produce and maintain higher amounts of RNA and protein to sustain biomass and function, although the genome content often remains constant. Available data indicate that the transcriptional and translational outputs scale with cell size at a genome-wide level, but how such remarkably coordinated regulation is achieved remains largely mysterious. With global and systems-level approaches becoming more widespread and quantitative, it is worth revisiting this fascinating problem. Here, we outline current knowledge of the fundamental relations between genome regulation and cell size, and highlight the biological implications and potential mechanisms of the global tuning of gene expression to cellular volume.

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