Alpha-cyclodextrin: Enzymatic production and food applications

This mini-review focuses on the unique properties, enzymatic production, and food applications of alpha-cyclodextrin, as well as its differences with beta- and gamma-cyciodextrins. The fermentative production of alpha-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (alpha-CGTase) is also discussed. More efficient processes for the production for alpha-cyclodextrin have been developed, including the use of alpha-CGTases with improved alpha-cyclodextrin specificity, the addition of appropriate complexing agents, and the simultaneous use of an alpha-CGTase with another amylase. Compared with other cyclodextrins, alpha-cyclodextrin has the smallest internal cavity and highest resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis, so it has special applications in food industry, especially as a natural, soluble dietary fiber.