Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 24, Issue 10, Pages 525-535Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.05.006
Keywords
nutritional programming; insulin resistance; epigenetics; metabolic diseases
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Funding
- MRC [G0600717, MC_UU_12012/4] Funding Source: UKRI
- British Heart Foundation [FS/09/029/27902] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0600717, MC_UU_12012/5/B, G0600717B, MC_UU_12012/4] Funding Source: researchfish
- British Heart Foundation [FS/09/029/27902] Funding Source: Medline
- Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12012/4, G0600717] Funding Source: Medline
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Strong evidence indicates that adverse prenatal and early postnatal environments have a significant long-term influence on risk factors that result in insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease later in life. Here we discuss current knowledge of how maternal and neonatal nutrition influence early growth and the long-term risk of developing insulin resistance in different organs and at the whole-body level. Accumulating evidence supports a role for epigenetic mechanisms underlying this nutritional programming, consisting of heritable changes that regulate gene expression which in turn shapes the phenotype across generations. Deciphering these molecular mechanisms in key tissues and discovering key biological markers may provide valuable insight towards the development of effective intervention strategies.
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