Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 23, Issue 11, Pages 560-566Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2012.06.010
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health
- International Cooperative Research Project award (ERATO-ICORP Gas Biology Project) from the Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Fowler Foundation for Advanced Research in the Medical Sciences
- American Cancer Society
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Increased conversion of glucose to lactate is a key feature of many cancer cells that promotes rapid growth. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression is increased and facilitates lactate production in cancer cells. Modulation of PKM2 catalytic activity also regulates the synthesis of DNA and lipids that are required for cell proliferation, and of NADPH that is required for redox homeostasis. In addition to its role as a pyruvate kinase, PKM2 also functions as a protein kinase and as a transcriptional coactivator. These biochemical activities are controlled by allosteric regulators and post-translational modifications of PKM2 that include acetylation, oxidation, phosphorylation, prolyl hydroxylation, and sumoylation. Given its pleiotropic effects on cancer biology, PKM2 represents an attractive target for cancer therapy.
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