Journal
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 8, Pages 449-454Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.03.006
Keywords
intraluminal vesicle; enveloped RNA virus cell entry; virus egress by exocytosis; endosomal carrier vesicle; infectious exosomes; exoeytic vaccine
Categories
Funding
- NIH [R01 GM102869]
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
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The endocytic pathway is the principal cell entry pathway for large cargos and pathogens. Among the wide variety of specialized lipid structures within endosomes, the intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) formed in early endosomes (EEs) and transferred to late endosomal compartments are emerging as critical effectors of viral infection and immune recognition. Various viruses deliver their genomes into these ILVs, which serve as vehicles to transport the genome to the nuclear periphery for replication. When secreted as exosomes, ILVs containing viral genomes can infect permissive cells or activate immune responses in myeloid cells. We therefore propose that endosomal ILVs and exosomes are key effectors of viral pathogenesis.
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