Journal
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 10, Pages 501-505Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.08.005
Keywords
antioxidant; traumatic brain injury; carbon nanoparticle; oxidative stress
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Funding
- Mission Connect Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Consortium [W81XWH-08-2-0141, W81X-WH-08-2-0143]
- Alliance for NanoHealth [W81X-WH-09-02-0139]
- National Institutes of Health [NS084290-01A1]
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Oxidative stress reflects an excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is a hallmark of several acute and chronic human pathologies. Although many antioxidants have been investigated, most have demonstrated poor efficacy in clinical trials. Here we discuss the limitations of current antioxidants and describe a new class of nanoparticle antioxidants, poly(-ethylene glycol)-functionalized hydrophilic carbon clusters (PEG-HCCs). PEG-HCCs show high capacity to annihilate ROS such as superoxide (O-2(center dot-)) and the hydroxyl (HO center dot) radical, show no reactivity toward the nitric oxide radical (NO center dot), and can be functionalized with targeting moieties without loss of activity. Given these properties, we propose that PEG-HCCs offer an exciting new area of study for the treatment of numerous ROS-induced human pathologies.
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