Journal
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 27, Issue 2, Pages 99-106Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.10.008
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Funding
- The UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
- European Commission OptiCryst [LSHG-CT-2006-037793]
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/D501113/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/D501113/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The expression 'crystal clear' stems from the science of crystallography, which determines the detailed atomic structures of materials by exposing crystals to X-rays. Protein structures are pivotal to the success of rational drug design and other biotechnology applications; however, obtaining high quality crystals poses a major problem to progress. Nucleation is the first step that determines the entire crystallization process, thus control of crystal nucleation would tackle the problem at its conception. A search for a 'universal' nucleant, a substance that can induce nucleation of any protein, is therefore on-going. We report the advances that have been made in this area, highlighting the success of especially engineered as well as naturally structured surfaces.
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