Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 4, Issue 3, Pages 907-918Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b01005
Keywords
Sponge-like membranes; Surface modification; Nanoparticles; TCE dechlorination
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P42ES007380]
- NSF KY EPSCoR [1355438]
- Office of Integrative Activities
- Office Of The Director [1355438] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Functionalized membranes containing nano particles provide a novel platform for organic pollutant degradation reactions and for selective removal of contaminants without the drawback of potential nanoparticle loss to the environment. These eco-friendly and sustainable technology approaches allow various water treatment applications by enhanced water transport through the membrane pores. This paper presents green techniques to create nanocomposite materials based on sponge-like membranes for water remediation applications involving chlorinated organic compounds. First, hydrophobic hollow fiber microfiltration membranes (HF) of polyvinylidene fluoride were hydrophilized using a water-based green chemistry process with polyvinylpyrrolidone and persulfate. HF and flat sheet membrane pores were then functionalized with poly(acrylic acid) and synthesized Fe/Pd nanoparticles. Surface modifications were determined by contact angle, surface free energy and infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by electronic microscopy, X-ray spectrometry and image analysis. Nanoparticle mean sizes obtained were 203 +/- 10 and 300 +/- 11 nm for each of the membranes. Depending on the concentration of the dopant (Pd) in the membrane, catalytic activity (established by trichloroethylene (TCE) reduction), was enhanced up to 10-fold compared to other reported results. Chloride produced in reduction was close to the stoichiometric 3/1 (Cl-/TCE), indicating complete absence of reaction intermediates.
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