Journal
STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 670-684Publisher
ALPHAMED PRESS
DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0139
Keywords
Neural stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells; Organotypic slice culture; Neurotrophin-3; Laminin; Tissue engineering; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Stanniocalcin-1
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award [1101BX000952]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [SAF2010-17167]
- Comunidad de Madrid [52011-BMD-2336]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Redes Tematicas de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud) [RD12/0019/0013]
- Fondation de l'avenir
- INSERM (France)
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Stem cell-based regenerative therapies hold great potential for the treatment of degenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). We recently reported the repair and functional recovery after treatment with human marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells adhered to neurotrophin-3 (NT3) releasing pharmacologically active microcarriers (PAMs) in hemiparkinsonian rats. In order to comprehend this effect, the goal of the present work was to elucidate the survival, differentiation, and neuroprotective mechanisms of MIAMI cells and human neural stem cells (NSCs), both adhering to NT3-releasing PAMs in an ex vivo organotypic model of nigrostriatal degeneration made from brain sagittal slices. It was shown that PAMs led to a marked increase in MIAMI cell survival and neuronal differentiation when releasing NT3. A significant neuroprotective effect of MIAMI cells adhering to PAMs was also demonstrated. NSCs barely had a neuroprotective effect and differentiated mostly into dopaminergic neuronal cells when adhering to PAM-NT3. Moreover, those cells were able to release dopamine in a sufficient amount to induce a return to baseline levels. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses identified vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stanniocalcin-1 as potential mediators of the neuroprotective effect of MIAMI cells and NSCs, respectively. It was also shown that VEGF locally stimulated tissue vascularization, which might improve graft survival, without excluding a direct neuroprotective effect of VEGF on dopaminergic neurons. These results indicate a prospective interest of human NSC/PAM and MIAMI cell/PAM complexes in tissue engineering for PD.
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