Journal
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
Volume 23, Issue 10, Pages 1045-1055Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2010.01095.x
Keywords
gamma delta T cells; operational tolerance; organ transplantation
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Funding
- Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain [SAF2004-00563, SAF2008-04092]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (SPAIN)
- Generalitat de Catalunya-European Social Funds [2006FI-00346]
- German Research Foundation (DFG) [BO 3370/1-1]
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P>gamma delta T cells are innate-type lymphocytes that preferentially act as regulators of local effector immune responses. Recent reports found an altered distribution of the two main subpopulations of blood gamma delta T cells (V delta 1 and V delta 2) in operationally tolerant liver transplant recipients. Based on this, gamma delta T cells subset quantification was proposed as a biomarker of immunologic risk in liver transplantation. The specific characteristics of gamma delta T cell subsets in transplantation remain however unknown. We have investigated here the phenotype, repertoire and functional properties of gamma delta T cell subsets in a large population of allograft recipients. Our results indicate that alterations in the gamma delta T cell compartment are not restricted to tolerant liver recipients. In fact, most immunosuppressed liver and kidney recipients also display an enlarged peripheral blood gamma delta T cell pool mainly resulting from an expansion of V delta 1 T cells exhibiting an oligoclonal repertoire and different phenotypic and cytokine production traits than V delta 2 T cells. We propose that persistent viral infections are likely to contribute to these alterations. Our data provide novel insight in the biology of gamma delta T cells and a rationale for exploring these lymphocytes in more depth into the pathogenesis of viral infections in transplantation.
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