Journal
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
Volume 102, Issue 8, Pages 735-742Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.04.010
Keywords
haptoglobin; haemoglobin; phenotype; immune response; inflammation; infectious diseases
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Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein that scavenges haemoglobin in the event of intravascular or extravascular haemolysis. The protein exists in humans as three main phenotypes, Hpl-1, Hp2-2 and Hp2-1. Accumulated data on the protein's function has established its strong association with diseases that have inflammatory causes. These include parasitic (malaria), infectious (HIV, tuberculosis) and non-infectious diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity) among others. Phenotype-dependent poor disease outcomes have been [inked with the Hp2-2 phenotype. The present review brings this association into perspective by looking at the functions of the protein and how defects in these functions associated with the Hp2 allele affect disease outcome. A model is provided to explain the mechanism, which appears to be largely immunomodutatory. (c) 2008 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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