Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 51, Issue -, Pages 87-106Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.06.008
Keywords
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; Ionic liquid; Metal; Microwave-assisted; Organic compound; Organic solvent; Preconcentration; Surfactant; Ultrasound-assisted; Vortex-assisted
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO)
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In this review, we summarize the most recent analytical developments aimed at employing Ionic liquids (ILs) in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME). Four main operation modes can be distinguished: (1) conventional IL-DLLME; (2) temperature-controlled IL-DLLME; (3a) ultrasound-assisted, (3b) microwave-assisted or (3c) vortex-assisted IL-DLLME; and, (4) in-situ IL-DLLME. In these modes, the dispersive solvent can be an organic solvent, a surfactant, or a hydrophilic IL. In some cases, a dispersive solvent is not even necessary. We discuss practical applications of IL-DLLME to determine metals and organic compounds in a variety of samples. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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