Journal
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 30, Issue 8, Pages 1337-1350Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.04.011
Keywords
Chromatography; Complex matrix; Environmental monitoring; Emerging pollutant; Extraction; Fluoroquinolone; Photodegradation; Sample preparation; Sampling; Solid environmental matrix
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Funding
- FAR (Fondi Ateneo per la Ricerca) of the University of Pavia (Italy)
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We present a critical review of the analytical procedures proposed in the past decade for the determination of fluoroquinolones (FQs) by chromatographic methods in solid environmental matrices. We emphasize the overall analytical procedure, from sampling to final detection. We devote special attention to sample preparation, highlighting the problems involved in the analysis of real complex matrices, mainly soil, sediment, manure and sludge. We compare the different extraction techniques in terms of efficiency, time taken and environmental impact, pointing out advantages and drawbacks. We provide an overview on the role of photochemistry in the degradation of FQs in soils and sediments, and we underline the central position of analytical chemistry in environmental monitoring because FQs are emerging pollutants. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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