Journal
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 230, Issue 2, Pages 85-103Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.01.039
Keywords
Pesticides; Paraquat; Parkinson's disease; Alzheimer's disease; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Neurodegenerative diseases
Categories
Funding
- Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politecnico e Universitario (CESPU)
- CRL
- Faculty of Medicine of Porto University
- FCT [IF/01147/2013]
- PhD grants [SFRH/BD/65387/2009]
- [Pest-OE/SAU/UI0617/2011]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PEst-OE/SAU/UI0617/2011] Funding Source: FCT
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The etiology of most neurodegenerative disorders is multifactorial and consists of an interaction between environmental factors and genetic predisposition. The role of pesticide exposure in neurodegenerative disease has long been suspected, but the specific causative agents and the mechanisms underlying are not fully understood. For the main neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis there are evidences linking their etiology with long-term/low-dose exposure to pesticides such as paraquat, maneb, dieldrin, pyrethroids and organophosphates. Most of these pesticides share common features, namely the ability to induce oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, alpha-synuclein fibrillization and neuronal cell loss. This review aims to clarify the role of pesticides as environmental risk factors in genesis of idiopathic PD and other neurological syndromes. For this purpose, the most relevant epidemiological and experimental data is highlighted in order to discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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