Journal
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
Volume 191, Issue 2-3, Pages 275-278Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.09.006
Keywords
Ketamine; Kidney; Urinary bladder; Mononuclear cells; Nerve fibers
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Funding
- Beat Drugs Fund Association of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region [BDF080048]
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ICR mice were injected with ketamine for 1, 3 and 6 months and the kidneys and urinary bladders were excised and processed for histology. Starting from I month. all addicted mice showed invasion of mononuclear white cells. either surrounding the glomerulus or the other tubules in the kidney. The aggregation of these cells extended all the way to the pelvis and ureter As well, in the urinary bladder, the epithelium became thin and there was submucosal infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells. Silver staining revealed a loss of nerve fibers amongst the muscles of the urinary bladder of the treated Immunohistochemistry on choline acetyltransferase which is a marker for cholinergic neurons also demonstrated a decrease of those cells. We hypothesized that prolonged ketamine addiction resulted in the animals prone to urinary infection. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
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