Journal
PLOS GENETICS
Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004831
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Funding
- Stanford graduate fellowship
- DOE [DOE-FG02-05ER64136]
- NSF [CCF 1344284]
- NIH [F32 GM100732, R01 GM51426, R01 GM32506]
- Stanford Vice Provost for Undergraduate Education Research Experience for Undergraduates (VPUE-REU) Program
- Stanford CURIS undergraduate research fellowship
- NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [T32HG000044] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM051426, R01GM032506, F32GM100732] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Each Caulobacter cell cycle involves differentiation and an asymmetric cell division driven by a cyclical regulatory circuit comprised of four transcription factors (TFs) and a DNA methyltransferase. Using a modified global 59 RACE protocol, we globally mapped transcription start sites (TSSs) at base-pair resolution, measured their transcription levels at multiple times in the cell cycle, and identified their transcription factor binding sites. Out of 2726 TSSs, 586 were shown to be cell cycle-regulated and we identified 529 binding sites for the cell cycle master regulators. Twenty-three percent of the cell cycle-regulated promoters were found to be under the combinatorial control of two or more of the global regulators. Previously unknown features of the core cell cycle circuit were identified, including 107 antisense TSSs which exhibit cell cycle-control, and 241 genes with multiple TSSs whose transcription levels often exhibited different cell cycle timing. Cumulatively, this study uncovered novel new layers of transcriptional regulation mediating the bacterial cell cycle.
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