Journal
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 393-402Publisher
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2011.0182
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 DE17441, R01 AR57083, R01 AR48756, 5 T32 GM008362-19]
- Robert and Janice McNair Foundation
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Inflammation is an immediate response that plays a critical role in healing after fracture or injury to bone. However, in certain clinical contexts, such as in inflammatory diseases or in response to the implantation of a biomedical device, the inflammatory response may become chronic and result in destructive catabolic effects on the bone tissue. Since our previous review 3 years ago, which identified inflammatory signals critical for bone regeneration and described the inhibitory effects of anti-inflammatory agents on bone healing, a multitude of studies have been published exploring various aspects of this emerging field. In this review, we distinguish between regenerative and damaging inflammatory processes in bone, update our discussion of the effects of anti-inflammatory agents on bone healing, summarize recent in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating how inflammation can be modulated to stimulate bone regeneration, and identify key future directions in the field.
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