Removal Torque Analysis of Chemically Modified Hydrophilic and Anodically Oxidized Titanium Implants with Constant Angular Velocity for Early Bone Response in Rabbit Tibia

Implant geometry and surface properties are important factors for successful osseointegration. The purpose of this study was to compare hydrophilic and hydrophobic implants with different geometries via the continuous measurement of removal torque (RT) and calculation of angular momentum for each implant. Five New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Each rabbit received 2 implants. A chemically modified hydrophilic implant with buttress thread was inserted into one tibia, and an anodically oxidized hydrophobic implant with V-shape threads was inserted into the other. After 1 week of healing, RT values were measured continuously in real-time. Using the time-torque curve resulting from the measurements, the maximum values were determined and angular momentums were calculated. The chemically modified hydrophilic implant exhibited significantly higher peak RT and mean torque values before the peak torque (MTBP) than the anodically oxidized hydrophobic implant (p < 0.05). The chemically modified hydrophilic implants exhibited superior early bone response compared to the anodically oxidized implants.