Journal
THIN SOLID FILMS
Volume 520, Issue 6, Pages 1694-1697Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.07.052
Keywords
Photovoltaics; Copper zinc tin sulfide; Electrochemical deposition; Thin films; Transparent conducting oxide
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Funding
- Technology Commercialization Office of the University of Utah
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We have fabricated single phase Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) films using a specially designed 3-stage electrochemical system. Sequential electrodepositon of constituent metallic layers was carried out on SnO2/F coated glass substrates using a platinum counter electrode and a saturated calomel reference electrode. Unique bath compositions were formulated for each of these constituents. Sequentially deposited tri-layer stacks were annealed in sulfur environment to get CZTS phase. Detailed structural, morphological and optical characterization experiments were performed using several techniques including x-ray diffraction, Raman and UV-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. All characterization experiments indicated that the films are single phase with a measured direct band gap of 1.5 eV. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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