Journal
THERMOCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 496, Issue 1-2, Pages 18-25Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2009.06.021
Keywords
Energy; Exergy; Heat pumps; Performance; Biphenyl; Biphenylmethane; Naphthalene; Isoquinoline; Titanium tetrabromide; Titanium tetraiodide
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada in Canada
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In this paper, selected organic and titanium based fluids (biphenyl, biphenylmethane, naphthalene, isoquinoline, titanium tetrabromide and titanium tetraiodide) are assessed thermodynamically as potential working fluids for high temperature mechanical heat pumps. Various applications such as thermo, chemical cycles for hydrogen production, chemical processes comprising endothermic reactions, steam generators and metallurgical processes, can benefit from such heat pumps as green Sources of high temperature heat. The environmental benefit occurs from avoiding fossil fuel heating and therefore reducing carbon dioxide and other pollutant emissions. Through heat pumps, a low-grade heat source from nuclear reactors, industrial waste, geothermal, etc. can be upgraded to high temperatures through a work-to-heat conversion. The work itself can originate from any source of renewable energy (wind, hydro, biomass, solar, etc.). In this paper, available thermo-physical parameters of the selected fluids are presented and appropriate equations of state are constructed to allow a heat pump thermodynamic analysis. Among these working fluids, only biphenyl, naphthalene, titanium tetrabromide and titanium tetraiodide have promising potential. For these fluids, a further parametric study is conducted to investigate the COP for a range of relevant operating conditions, in terms of temperature and pressure. The range of COP values is large, ranging from 1.9 to 7.3, depending on the fluid and temperature levels; the highest COP is obtained with Til(4). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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