Journal
TETRAHEDRON
Volume 65, Issue 22, Pages 4367-4374Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.03.062
Keywords
Pd nanoparticle; Fischer carbene complex; PEG; Water; C-C coupling
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Funding
- CSIR, India
- Syngene International Ltd., Bangalore, India
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Catalytically active Pd nanoparticles have been synthesized in water by a novel reduction of Pd(II) with a Fischer carbene complex where polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as stabilizer. PEG molecules wrap around the nanoparticles to impart stability and prevent agglomeration, yet leave enough surface area available on the nanoparticle for catalytic activity. Our method is superior to others in terms of rapid generation and stabilization of Pd nanoparticles in water with a cheap, readily available PEG stabilizer. The size of the nanoparticles generated can be controlled by the concentration of PEG in water medium. The size decreased with the increase in the PEG: Pd ratio. This aqueous nano-sized I'd is a highly efficient catalyst for Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira, and Stille reaction. Water is Used as the only solvent for the coupling reactions. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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