Journal
TALANTA
Volume 106, Issue -, Pages 119-126Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.12.011
Keywords
Salting-out assisted liquid liquid extraction; Experimental design; High salinity samples; Benzimidazole fungicides; High-performance liquid chromatography
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21105117, 21275158, 20907039]
- Innovation Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-206]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China [ZR2010BQ027]
- 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Science and Technology Development Plans of Yantai City of China [2010158]
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A novel method for the simultaneous separation and determination of four benzimidazole fungicides (i.e., carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiophanate-methyl and thiophanate) in high salinity samples was developed by using salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) via water-miscible acetonitrile as the extractant coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. Box-Behnken design and response surface were employed to assist the optimization of SALLE conditions, including volume of salting-out solvent, the pH of sample solution and salting-out solvent as variable factors. The optimal salting-out parameters were obtained as follows: 2 mL of acetonitrile was added to 2 mL of sample solution with pH=4 and then 2 mL salting-out solvent containing 5 mol L-1 sodium chloride at a pH of 7 was added to the solution for extraction. This procedure afforded a convenient and cost-saving operation with good cleanup ability for the benzimidazole fungicides, such as good linear relationships (R>0.996) between peak area and concentration from 2.5 ng mL(-1) to 500 ng mL(-1), low limits of detection between 0.14 ng mL(-1) and 0.38 ng mL(-1) and the intra-day precisions of retention time below 1.0%. The method recoveries obtained at fortified three concentrations for three seawater samples ranged from 60.4% to 99.1%. The simple, rapid and eco-benign SALLE based method proved potentially applicable for trace benzimidazole fungicides analysis in high salinity samples. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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