Journal
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 248-255Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/alr.21661
Keywords
chronic rhinosinusitis; chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis; nasal polyposis; endoscopic sinus surgery; inflammatory load; mucosal eosinophilia; basement membrane thickness
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BackgroundA subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients is refractory to optimal surgical therapy and requires multiple revision sinus operations. Studies have shown that mucosal eosinophilia correlates with disease severity. We hypothesized that a high-grade tissue inflammatory load is associated with these refractory patients. MethodsA single-surgeon, retrospective case-control study comparing 20 CRSwNP patients requiring a second surgery during follow-up (refractory group) vs a matched cohort of 20 CRSwNP patients without needing further revision surgery (control group). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissue harvested intraoperatively (x2 for the refractory group) were recalled for histopathological examination of subepithelial inflammation and basement membrane (BM) thickness. ResultsThe refractory group had a significantly higher average eosinophil count (49 vs 18), relative eosinophilia (55% vs 32%) as well as total inflammatory cell count (86 vs 49) than the control group (p < 0.05). However within the refractory group, the eosinophil-lymphocyte ratio was reduced from their first to their second (revision) surgeries whereas the total averaged inflammatory cell count remained unchanged. No significant difference in BM thickness was found between the groups. ConclusionThese findings suggest that a higher inflammatory and eosinophilic load is associated with refractory disease and thus may be useful in predicting need for future revision surgery in CRSwNP.
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