Journal
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
Volume 12, Issue 3, Pages 664-667Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1086048
Keywords
carrier proteins; Cross Reacting Material 197; combination vaccines; diphtheria toxoid; glycoconjugates; protective immunity; tetanus toxoid
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When tetanus toxoid (TT), diphtheria toxoid (DT) or Cross Reacting Material 197 (CRM197), a non-toxic diphtheria toxin mutant protein, are used as carrier proteins in glycoconjugate vaccines, these carriers induce a protein specific antibody response as measured by in vitro assays. Here, it was evaluated whether or not glycoconjugates based on TT, DT or CRM197 can induce a protective immune response as measured by potency tests according to the European Pharmacopoeia. It could be shown, that the conjugate carriers TT and DT can induce a protective immune response against a lethal challenge by toxins in animals, while glycoconjugates based on CRM197 failed to induce a protective immune response. Opportunities for new applications of glycoconjugates are discussed.
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